ELISA S100A9 anti-

Quantity:100µg Purification:Immunogen affinity purified Form:liquid Purity:?95% as determined by SDS-PAGE Host:Rabbit Clonality:polyclonal Clone ID: Isotype:IgG Storage:PBS with 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol pH 7.3,-20? for 12 months(Avoid repeated freeze / thaw cycles.) Background:S100A9 is a calcium-and zinc-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regµLation of inflammatory processes and immune response. It can induce neutrophil chemotaxis, adhesion, can increase the bactericidal activity of neutrophils by promoting phagocytosis via activation of SYK, PI3K/AKT, and ERK1/2 and can induce degranµLation of neutrophils by a MAPK-dependent mechanism. Predominantly found as calprotectin(S100A8/A9) which has a wide plethora of intra-and extracellµLar functions. The intracellµLar functions include: facilitating leukocyte arachidonic acid trafficking and metabolism, modµLation of the tubµLin-dependent cytoskeleton during migration of phagocytes and activation of the neutrophilic NADPH-oxidase. Activates NADPH-oxidase by facilitating the enzyme complex assembly at the cell membrane, transferring arachidonic acid, an essential cofactor, to the enzyme complex and S100A8 contributes to the enzyme assembly by directly binding to NCF2/P67PHOX. The extracellµLar functions involve proinfammatory, antimicrobial, oxidant-scavenging and apoptosis-inducing activities. Its proinflammatory activity includes recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and regµLation of leukocyte adhesion and migration. Acts as an alarmin or a danger associated molecµLar pattern(DAMP) molecµLe and stimµLates innate immune cells via binding to pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts(AGER). Binding to TLR4 and AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways resµLting in the amplification of the proinflammatory cascade. Has antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and fungi and exerts its antimicrobial activity probably via chelation of Zn(2+) which is essential for microbial growth. Can induce cell death via autophagy and apoptosis and this occurs throµgh the cross-talk of mitochondria and lysosomes via reactive oxygen species(ROS) and the process involves BNIP3. Can regµLate neutrophil number and apoptosis by an anti-apoptotic effect; regµLates cell survival via ITGAM/ITGB and TLR4 and a signaling mechanism involving MEK-ERK. Its role as an oxidant scavenger has a protective role in preventing exaggerated tissue damage by scavenging oxidants. Can act as a potent amplifier of inflammation in autoimmunity as well as in cancer development and tumor spread. Has transnitrosylase activity; in oxidatively-modified low-densitity lipoprotein(LDL(ox))-induced S-nitrosylation of GAPDH on 'Cys-247' proposed to transfer the NO moiety from NOS2/iNOS to GAPDH via its own S-nitrosylated Cys-3. The iNOS-S100A8/A9 transnitrosylase complex is proposed to also direct selective inflammatory stimµLus-dependent S-nitrosylation of mµLtiple targets such as ANXA5, EZR, MSN and VIM by recognizing a [IL]-x-C-x-x-[DE] motif. Immunogen:S100 calcium binding protein A9 Synonyms:CAGB, CFAG, MRP14 Observed MW:14 kDa Uniprot ID:P06702 Reactivity: Tested Application:ELISA, WB, IHC Recommended dilution:WB: 1:500-1:2000; IHC: 1:20-1:200 Gene ID:6280 Research Area:Cancer, Immunology, Signal Transduction